Role of Rasayana in the Prevention of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) remains a leading cause of maternal and
perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Despite advances in obstetric care, preventive strategies with long-term safety and fetal
compatibility remain limited. Ayurveda emphasizes preventive antenatal care (Garbhini
Paricharya), wherein Rasayana therapy plays a pivotal role in maintaining maternal homeostasis
and preventing disease manifestation.
Objective: To critically review classical Ayurvedic concepts and contemporary scientific
evidence regarding the role of Rasayana in the prevention of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Electronic
databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and AYUSH Research
Portal were searched from inception to December 2025. Classical Ayurvedic texts
(Brihattrayi and major Nighantus) were reviewed for conceptual correlations. Clinical,
experimental, and observational studies evaluating Rasayana drugs or formulations relevant to
PIH prevention were included.
Results: A total of 63 records were identified, of which 41 studies met inclusion criteria.
Classical literature describes Rasayana as promotive of Ojas, vascular integrity, and Tridosha
balance—pathophysiological domains relevant to PIH. Modern studies indicate that commonly
used Rasayana agents such as Ashwagandha, Shatavari, Amalaki, and Guduchi exhibit
antihypertensive, antioxidant, endothelial protective, and anti-inflammatory properties. However,
robust pregnancy-specific randomized controlled trials are limited.
Conclusion: Rasayana therapy demonstrates substantial theoretical and emerging scientific
potential in the prevention of PIH. Integrative, well-designed clinical trials are warranted to
establish safety, efficacy, and standardized antenatal protocols.
Keywords
Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension; Rasayana; Ayurveda; Antenatal Care; Oxidative Stress; Endothelial Dysfunction