Abstract

Background: Āyurvedic Saṃhitās are composed in concise Sanskrit language where the complete meaning of a statement is often hidden within grammatical structures and contextual application. To understand the deeper meaning of classical texts, Ācāryas have described various interpretative methodologies known as Tantrayukti. Tantrayukti acts as a tool for systematic understanding, compilation and interpretation of scientific literature. Knowledge of Sanskrit grammar, especially Pratyaya (suffixes) and Avyaya (indeclinables), plays an important role in identifying the intended meaning of textual statements. [1,2] Aim: To evaluate the role of Pratyayās and Avyayās in interpreting Tantrayukti described in Caraka Saṃhitā. Materials and Methods: A literary review was conducted by studying classical Ayurvedic texts including Caraka Saṃhitā with Āyurveda Dīpikā commentary, Suśruta Saṃhitā, Aṣṭāṅga Hṛdaya and relevant Sanskrit grammar texts. References related to Tantrayukti, Pratyaya and Avyaya were collected from classical literature and Sanskrit grammatical sources. [1–5] Results: The analysis showed that certain Tantrayukti are specifically identified with the help of particular Pratyaya and Avyaya. The suffixes तव्यत्(Tavyat) and अनीयऱ् (Anīyar) were found useful in understanding Niyoga Tantrayukti. Various Avyayas such as वा, अथवा, यथा, इत्थं, खलु, इतत, तद्यथा, एव, तत्र, च, ननुsupport interpretation of Tantrayukti like Vikalpa, Nidarśana, Uddeśa, Nirdeśa, Saṃśaya, Anumata, Nirvacana, Samuccaya and Uddhāra. [1,4,5] Conclusion: Understanding of Pratyaya and Avyaya provides grammatical support for accurate identification and interpretation of Tantrayukti. Integration of Sanskrit grammar with classical study enhances precise understanding of Caraka Saṃhitā and prevents misinterpretation of Ayurvedic concepts. [1,4]