Abstract

Sushruta, hailed as the father of surgery, described Trividha Shastra Karma—Chedana (excision), Bhedana (incision), and Lekhana (scraping)—as the foundation of all operative interventions. Modern surgery, particularly Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), aims to achieve maximal therapeutic benefit with minimal tissue trauma, reduced blood loss, faster healing, and improved cosmetic outcomes. This conceptual shift aligns deeply with Sushruta’s principles emphasizing precision, minimal injury, gentle tissue handling, and doshic balance. This review critically explores the relevance of Chedana, Bhedana, and Lekhana within MIS practices such as laparoscopy, endoscopy, arthroscopy, laser surgery, and radio-frequency ablative techniques. The article correlates surgical objectives, instruments, tissue handling, postoperative recovery, and preventive strategies described by Sushruta with modern MIS standards. Ayurvedic principles related to wound healing, asepsis, suture materials, and operative ergonomics are also analyzed. The findings demonstrate that the foundational logic of MIS is deeply rooted in Sushruta’s surgical wisdom.