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Authors / Members: Dr. Pushpa P. Kamble1*, Dr. Subhash Babanrao Mire2 , Dr. Harshalkumar Vinayakrao Deore3 .

Abstract: Background: Chronic musculoskeletal and neurological disorders constitute a major global health burden, leading to long-term disability, reduced quality of life, and escalating healthcare costs. Conditions such as osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, cervical spondylosis, stroke sequelae, and neuropathies often demonstrate incomplete response to conventional therapies. Ayurveda considers these disorders predominantly Vata-Vyadhi, wherein Basti therapy is described as the principal and most effective intervention. Objective: To critically evaluate classical Ayurvedic concepts and contemporary scientific evidence regarding the role of Basti therapy in the management of chronic musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and AYUSH Research Portal were searched up to December 2025. Classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya) were reviewed for textual references. Clinical, experimental, and observational studies assessing Basti therapy in chronic musculoskeletal and neurological conditions were included. Results: Of 82 records identified, 46 studies met the inclusion criteria. Classical literature establishes Basti as the prime therapy for Vata-Vyadhi, with systemic action mediated through Pakvashaya. Modern studies demonstrate that various forms of Basti—including Niruha, Anuvasana, and Yapana Basti—exhibit analgesic, anti-inflammatory, neuromodulatory, and functional restorative effects in chronic disorders. However, heterogeneity in study design and protocols persists. Conclusion: Basti therapy represents a rational, system-level intervention for chronic musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. Integrative clinical trials with standardized methodologies are essential to strengthen evidence and facilitate broader clinical acceptance.

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